As a new technology which can be applied to airport surface aircraft surveillance, Surface multilateration technology has the characteristics of high positioning accuracy, aircraft identification, wide monitoring range, etc., which is helpful to improve the operational security of the airport and has been widely applied in many large and medium-sized airports. This paper mainly introduces the system composition and positioning principle of multilateration technology independently developed in China, compares the application advantages of multilateration compared with traditional surface surveillance methods, and discusses the key technology methods of multilateration technology.