Aiming at the problem of autonomous navigation of tracked traction robot, an autonomous navigation algorithm was proposed. Based on the kinematics analysis of the traction robot, a kinematics model was established to describe its motion in the horizontal plane; An autonomous navigation algorithm is proposed, and the established kinematic model is used as the controlled object to simulate the autonomous navigation algorithm, Autonomous navigation on a straight path has a longitudinal deviation of 0.09m, lateral deviation of 0.06m, and a heading angle deviation of 3.7°; curved path autonomous navigation has a longitudinal deviation of 0.13m, a lateral deviation of 0.09m, and a heading angle of 5.1°. The simulation test results show that the autonomous navigation algorithm designed by this research has certain effectiveness and can meet the actual use requirements of the job.