With the development of satellite navigation technology and the maturity of satellite navigation receiver, the application of satellite navigation receiver to autonomous navigation of high orbit spacecraft has gradually become the focus of research at home and abroad. The high orbit satellite borne navigation receivers are confronted with such problems as less visible satellites, weak navigation signals and larger dynamic characteristics. In view of the above problems, the navigation signal power, visible star number, DOP value and Doppler frequency shift received by satellite borne navigation receivers in high orbit environment are analyzed. First, the Big Dipper model is established according to the ephemeris, dynamics model construction of high orbit spacecraft, build inter satellite communication link, visibility of high orbit satellite are simulated and analyzed, the results show that when the satellite receiver power is -177 dBw, the number of visible satellites can reach more than four, can meet the demand of the orbit; then high orbit satellite orbit accuracy simulation, the orbit accuracy than the ground precision high orbit satellite receiver, this is due to the high orbit visible stars attract less; finally between navigation satellite and high orbit satellite Doppler simulation, Doppler simulation range is ±14 kHz. The research provides the theoretical basis and data support for the following weak signal acquisition and tracking.