The anechoic chamber provides a comprehensive and effective test environment for the anti-jamming test of satellite navigation receiver, which greatly improves the quantitative test and evaluation of anti-jamming capability. However, the quiet zone performance, structural size, antenna layout and other factors of the anechoic chamber will affect the anti-jamming capability test results. Based on the antenna receiving model of multipath signals, equivalent model of array wave path difference and the mapping model of signal to antenna, the influence of jamming multipath signal, near-field effect under limited distance and direction error of incoming wave on anti-jamming test results is quantitatively analyzed by simulation. The results show that the improvement of the quiet zone performance of anechoic chamber can reduce the deviation of the jamming multipath signals to the null position; different anechoic chamber sizes correspond to different null depth tests, a compromise should be made based on the testing requirements; and the anechoic chamber antennas should be laid according to the preset tested array antenna and the test scenario. The results can provide reference for anechoic chamber design, anti-jamming testing plan and testing result analysis, and improve the credibility of anti-jamming test.