Based on the first-order Rayleigh scattering model, the polarization mode of sunlight atmosphere under clearweather conditions is analyzed, and through the calculation of polarization degree and polarization angle of each observation point inthe sky, the polarization degree and polarization angle sky simulation visualization image is constructed, and the distribution law ofpolarization degree symmetry on solar meridian symmetry and polarization angle on solar meridian antisymmetry is verified, andfinally a method is given to obtain the heading angle of the carrier by comprehensively considering the polarization degree andpolarization angle distribution mode.